ALL events of Mahabharata 1
Part 1: Begining |
Part 2: The War | Part 3: Aftermath |
1. Adi Parva (आदि पर्व)
Story of detail clan background up to Kauravas & Pandavs grown up
(19 sub-parvas, 225-236 chapters depending on the editions)
* The first sloka of Mahabharata: नारायणं नमस्कृत्य नरं चैव नरोत्तमम् । देवीं सरस्वतीं व्यासं ततो जयमुदीरयेत् ॥
Ugrashravas Sauti (उग्रश्रवस् सौती) narrates to assembled rishis at Naimisharanya (नैमिषारण्य) jungle that how the Mahabharata was written, describes the significance of Mahabharata, claims comprehensive synthesis of all human knowledge, and why it must be studied. (Anukramanika Parva -chapter 1)
*Following few chapters talks about Kurukshetra, various Rishi Muni, samundra manthan, etc.
*Shantanu marries Ganga, have 7 sons but all drowned, the 8th son Devavrata (Bhishma) survives.
*Story of Shantanu, Satyavati, and Bhishma. (Adivansavatarana Parva -chapters: 59–64)
*Chitrangada becomes King, gets killed, and then his brother Vichitravirya becomes king.
*Bhisma kidnaps Kasi princesses (Amba, Ambika, Ambalika) for Vichitravirya. Later Ambika and Ambalika marries Vichitravirya.
*As Amba was in love with King Salva, she gets released to meet him, but he refuses to marry her. Bhisma explains why the cant kill Shikhandin, as Shikhandin is considered the reincarnation of Amba. (Udyog parva, Ambopakhyanaparvan sub parva)
*Birth of Dhritarashtra (from Ambika), Pandu (from Ambalika), and Bidur (from Dasi).
*Stories of Karna's birth (Karna's detail background explained in (3. Vana/ Aaranya Parva, Kundalaharana Sub Parva - chapters: 299–309).
*Lord Krishna's birth.
*Pandu became King.
*Wedding of Dhritarashtra to Gandhari, Pandu to (Kunti & then Madri), and Bidur. (Sambhava Parva - chapters: 65–142)
*Pandu kills the sage, get curse and renounce the throne, Dhritarastra becomes regent.
*Story of Pandava & Kauravas birth, and Pandu's death, Madri went sati, Pandavas & Mata Kunti back to Hastinapur.
*Grow up and conflict between Pandava & Kauravas.
*Archary show, Karna awarded King-of-Ang title by Duryodhan, and they become friends.
*Pandavas survives Lakshagriha (लाक्षागृहम्) house born conspiracy and retreat to forest. (Jatugriha / Jatugriha-daha Parva - chapters: 143–153)
*Bhim kills Hidambasur demon in the forest, marries his sister Hidimbi and Ghatotkacha born. (Hidimva-vadha Parva - chapters: 154–158)
*Pandavas kill Bakasur in Ekachakra. Draupadi, is born in holy fire. Word spreads that the Pandavas may be alive. (Baka-vadh Parva - chapters: 159–166)
*Draupadi's swayamvara. Pandavas arrive in Panchal in disguise of Brahmanas, Arjun excels in the swayamvara and wins Draupadi's. Other participants object, fight erupts, but Bhima and Arjuna defeats all. While taking Draupadi to their cottage, Kunti mistakenly orders to share the win (Draupadi), thus she becomes shared wife of all five pandavas. Krishna, Dhrishtadyumna knows the true identity of Pandavas. (Swayamvara Parva - chapters: 186–194)
*Vidura's attempt to reconcile the Kaurava and Pandava. Various speeches by Karna, Bhishma, Drona and Vidura. Pandavas return to Hastinapur. The construction of the city Indraprastha. (Viduragamana Parva - chapters: 202–209)
*Arjuna violates dharma. He accepts voluntary exile and goes to pilgrimage for 12 years. Arjuna marries Ulupi and Chitrangada, and rescues Apsaras. Arjuna and Krishna become close friends. Arjuna goes to Dwarka, lives with Krishna. (Arjuna-vanavasa Parva - chapters: 215–220)
*Arjuna falls in love with and takes away Subhadra, Krishna's sister. Krishna encouraged and assisted. The upset Vrishnis prepare war with Arjuna but finally desist. (Subhadra-harana Parva - chapters: 221–222)
*Arjuna returns from exile, with Subhadra. They marry. Their son Abhimanyu is born. Story of the Upa-pandavas, the five sons of Draupadi. (Harana-harana /Harana-harika Parva - chapter: 223)
* The reign of Yudhishthira. Krishna and Arjuna go to the banks of Yamuna and meet Agni. Agni gives Arjuna the Gandiva bow and the ape-bannered chariot, while Krishna receives the discus. Agni starts consuming Khandava forest when Indra and other deities obstruct. The fight of Krishna and Arjuna with celestials, their combined abilities, and their victory. Maya rescued by Arjuna. (Khandava-Daha Parva - chapters: 224–236)
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2. Sabha Parva
Story of Indraprastha and loss in Juwa
(9-10 upa-Parvas, 72-81 chapters depending on the edition)
*Pandavas expand their empire on all direction and Yudhishthira is declared Dharmaraja. It describes the geography, tribes and various kingdoms as pandavas go in different directions to expand their empire. (Digvijaya Parva - chapters: 25–31)
*Rajasuya ceremony by Pandavas: Kings, sages and visitors from around the world arrive for that. As Sahadeva offers Arghya to pray Krishna, Shishupala objects. Hostilities begin. Shishupala leaves with some kings following him. Yudhishthira tries to reconciliation. (Arghyaharana Parva - chapters: 35–38). Krishna first refuses to fight Shishupala, but after Shihupala makes 101th offence Krishna finally kills him and leaves. (Shishupala-vadha Parva - chapters: 39–44)
*Shakuni provokes Yudhishthira for the game of dice. Yudhishthira loses his kingdom, his brothers, himself, and finally his wife in the 20th round of the game of dice to Shakuni. Draupadi is humiliated in the Assembly Hall by disrobing her saree but God protects her. Draupadi argues and establishes the game was flawed because it wrongfully treated her as property. The entire gambling game is declared invalid; Yudhishthira recovers everything he had lost. (Dyuta Parva - chapters: 45–73)
*Another round of dice occurs. Yudhishthira loses again. As a result, Pandavas go into EXILE for 12 years and the 13th year, incognito in some inhabited place, and if they are recognized in the 13th year, they are found then they would go into exile for another 12 years. Dhritarashtra comes to power and refuses the Sages advice to make peace with Pandavas. (Anudyuta Parva - chapters: 74–81)
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3. Vana Parva / Aranyaka Parva/ Aranya Parva
Story of 12 years of exile in forest
(16-21 Sub pervas, 299-324 chapters depending on the edition)
*Pandavas exiled to Kamayaka forest. Surya grants Yudhisthira supply food for 13 years. Vidur and Vyas request Dhritarashtra to recall Pandavas but he refuses. Vidur goes to Pandavas but returns. Rishi Maitraya comes to Duryodhan, but as he dont listen him, he curses him to die at the hand of Bhima. (Aranyaka Parva -chapters: 1–10)
*Bhima kills a giant man-eating demon Kirmira in a battle. (Kirmira-vadha Parva - chapter: 11)
*Krishna criticizes gambling as sin and Yudhishthira expresses remorse. Discussion on forgiveness, anger, karma, dharma, artha, kama, etc among Pandavas team. Vyasa arrives and shares knowledge of Pratismriti. Pandavas shift from Dwaitvana to the bank of river Saraswati. Arjuna leaves alone towards North, meets Indra (as Brahmana) and get advice to pray to Lord Shiva to obtain weapons. (Arjunabhigamana Parva - chapters: 12–37)
*Arjun starts dhyan with self-punishment, Rishis go to god Sthanu (Shiva). Kirata (Shiva) and Arjun fight. Ultimately Arjun start to worship mahadev, Sthanu reveals his true identity and bless Arjun with Pusupata weapon. Also other god provide Arjun their wappens like Yama - mace, Varuna- divine noose, Kubera -Antarddhana, etc. (Kirata Parva - chapters: 38–41)
*Arjun visits heaven. Urvasi try to sedue Arjun but he refuses, urvasi curse him, but intra conver the curse into a boon. (Indralokagamana Parva - chapters: 42–51)
*As Yudhishthira regrets his gambling, Vrihadashwa consoles him with the story of Nala and Damayanti and how he lost kingdom on dice after being picked by Damayanti on Swayamvara, and how they reunited in second Swayamvara and took over their kingdom back. (Nalopakhyana Parva - chapters: 52–79)
*Pandava brothers start a pilgrimage to holy places as suggested by Narada. Story of Ushinara, the pigeon, and the hawk. Story of Janak sacrifice, king Somaka and his liberation from hell; how Bhagiratha brought the Ganges river to earth from heaven; the births of Ashtavakra, Mandhata and Rishyasringa; and Bhima's for celestial lotuses. (Tirtha-yatra Parva - chapters: 80–157)
*Demon kidnaps Yudhishthira, Draupadi, and the twins. Bhim kills the demon. The Pandavas go do Arshtishena. Arjuna returns from heaven. (Yaksha-Yudha Parva - chapters: 158–164)
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4. Virata Parva
Story of last 1 incognito year of exile
(4 Sub pervas, 67-72 chapters depending on the edition)
*Pandavas discuss and decide to spend last year exile in King Virata kingdom in disguise. Yudhishthira becomes courtier (Kanka), Bhima becomes cook / wrestler (Vallaba), Arjuna gets neutered, dresses up in a saree and becomes Dance and music teacher (Brihannala), Nakula becomes horse keeper (Granthika), Sahadeva becomes cow keeper (Tantipala), and Draupadi becames artisan (Sairandhri). (Pandava Pravesha Parva/ Samayapalana Parva - chapters: 1–13)
*Kichaka (commander of king Virata's forces) lusts for maid Sairandhri (incognito Draupadi). As per his request, Queen arrange the meet with her. Sairandhri refuses saying she is married despite his continued pursuit and offers. One day when Sairandhri has to go to the house of Kichaka, he molests her. She demands justice with King Virata and Kanka (Yudhisthira) and they talk abou investigation. She tells the situation of Bhima. She invites Kichaka to a hiding place where Bhima kills him. People blame Sairandhri, catch her, and try her to burn to kill. Bhima saves her again killing those people. (Kichaka-vadha Parva - chapters: 14–24)
*Kauravas spies still unsuccessful finding Pandavas despite hard effort. Kauravas meeting decides to look for place where prosperity recently increased as Pandavas likely promote prosperity wherever they go. Susharma suggests Virata kingdom for possible hideout. And his army attack Virata to seize their cows and take king virata captive. But Bhima frees Virata, takes injured Susharma captive. Then, Virata, Yudhishthira and Bhima, leave the kingdom to bring back the cows from Susharma. Duryodhana surmises that the Pandavas were hiding in Matsya therefore attack them. Uttar, King Virata son, vows to fight and takes Brihannala (Arjun) as his charioteer, but when he sees Kaurav army he gets scared. Arjuna reveals Pandavas's identity, switches places with Uttar, and start fight himself. Bhishma, Drona, Karna, Kripa and Ashwatthama all attack together but Arjun defeats them all alone. At the end, Arjuna invoked Sammohana Astra and make all of them asleep and then asks Uttar to collect their cloths for Uttars sister to decorate her dolls. As Uttar returns with victory King virata becomes happy, but when Kanka (Yudhisthira) applauds Brihannala (Arjun) King virat get angry and throw dice at Kanka who get blood on his nose. Uttara criticizes his father's act, and the King asks for forgiveness. (Go-harana Parva - chapters: 25–69)
*One 3rd day after Virata victory, Pandavas reveal their identity in council-hall of king Virata. King Virata asks for forgiveness for his treatment, and gives his daughter, princess Uttara's hand to Arjuna's son Abhimanyu. (Vaivahika Parva - chapters: 70–72)
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